HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What does leukopenia refer to in a medical context?

1. Increase in the number of red blood cells

2. Decrease in the normal number of white blood cells

3. Increase in the level of platelets

4. Normal white blood cell count

The correct answer is: Decrease in the normal number of white blood cells

Leukopenia specifically refers to a decrease in the normal number of white blood cells (WBCs). This condition can significantly impact the body's ability to fight off infections, as white blood cells play a crucial role in the immune response. In healthy individuals, there is a balanced range of white blood cell count, typically between 4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter of blood. When this count drops below the normal range, it indicates leukopenia, which may result from various factors such as bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, or the effects of certain medications. Understanding this condition is vital for diagnosing and managing patients, as low white blood cell counts can lead to increased susceptibility to infections and other health complications.