HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

Which condition is described by the term "scorbutic"?

1. Lacking calcium

2. Lacking vitamin C

3. Lacking vitamin D

4. Lacking iron

The correct answer is: Lacking vitamin C

The term "scorbutic" refers specifically to a condition that arises from a deficiency of vitamin C. Scurvy, the disease associated with this deficiency, leads to symptoms such as weakness, anemia, gum disease, and skin problems due to the vital role vitamin C plays in collagen synthesis and the maintenance of healthy connective tissues. When there is an insufficient intake of vitamin C, the body cannot effectively produce collagen, leading to the characteristic manifestations of scurvy. The other options relate to deficiencies of different nutrients — calcium is essential for bone health, vitamin D aids calcium absorption, and iron is vital for hemoglobin production— but none of these conditions are associated specifically with the term "scorbutic." This term's specificity to vitamin C deficiency highlights the importance of this nutrient in maintaining overall health, particularly in preventing the serious effects of scurvy.