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To activate an orthodontic appliance means to:

  1. Make it more aesthetically pleasing

  2. Ensure it effectively exerts force on teeth

  3. Improve the comfort of the appliance

  4. Change the material of the appliance

The correct answer is: Ensure it effectively exerts force on teeth

Activating an orthodontic appliance refers to the process of adjusting it so that it can effectively exert the necessary force on the teeth to bring about movement. Orthodontic appliances, such as braces or expanders, work by applying specific forces to the teeth, and activation is the key step that ensures these forces are applied correctly. This could involve tightening wires, adjusting springs, or altering components to achieve the desired orthodontic effect, such as aligning the teeth or expanding the dental arch. Options regarding making the appliance more aesthetically pleasing, improving comfort, or changing materials do not capture the primary function of activation, which centers on the effectiveness of force application essential for successful orthodontic treatment.