HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What does a periapical radiograph primarily show?

1. The entire mouth

2. The apex of a tooth and surrounding area

3. The surface of the tooth

4. Gum health status

The correct answer is: The apex of a tooth and surrounding area

A periapical radiograph is designed specifically to capture detailed images of the apex, or root tip, of a tooth along with the surrounding bone structure. This type of radiograph is essential in dentistry for diagnosing issues related to the tooth's root, such as apical pathologies, abscesses, or bone loss. By focusing on this localized area, periapical radiographs provide valuable information about both the tooth and the surrounding tissues, which is critical for diagnosis and treatment planning. The other options consider broader scopes that do not align with the specific function of a periapical radiograph. For instance, capturing the entire mouth encompasses a wider area which would require a different type of radiographic view. Assessing only the surface of the tooth misses the underlying root structure and potential issues associated with it. Similarly, examining gum health status would involve different diagnostic approaches focused on the periodontal tissues rather than the roots of the teeth, which is the primary area of interest in a periapical view.