HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What does "abfraction" indicate in dental terminology?

1. Loss of tooth surface in the occlusal area

2. Loss of tooth surface in the incisal area

3. Loss of tooth surface in cervical area

4. Loss of tooth surface in the root area

The correct answer is: Loss of tooth surface in cervical area

Abfraction refers specifically to the loss of tooth surface in the cervical area, which is the region where the tooth meets the gumline. This phenomenon is often attributed to biomechanical forces and can occur due to excessive occlusal stress that leads to flexural fatigue of the tooth structure. The result is often a wedge-shaped defect at the cervical region that can appear as a notch or groove. Understanding this concept is crucial for dental professionals because abfraction can lead to increased sensitivity, potential for decay, and aesthetic concerns. It allows dentists to identify areas needing protection or restoration to prevent further damage. Recognizing abfraction is important in the context of other types of tooth wear, such as abrasion or erosion, which affect different tooth areas and are caused by different factors.