HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What does root planing involve?

1. Smoothing the surface of the dentin

2. Measuring the depth of periodontal pockets

3. Smoothing the cementum of the root of a tooth

4. Polishing the visible surface of the tooth

The correct answer is: Smoothing the cementum of the root of a tooth

Root planing is a dental procedure that focuses specifically on the root surfaces of teeth. It involves the thorough smoothing of the cementum, which is the protective outer layer of the tooth roots. This procedure is typically performed after scaling to remove plaque and tartar buildup, and it aims to create a clean, smooth surface that promotes better healing and helps prevent further periodontal disease. Smoothing the cementum is vital because any irregularities or rough areas can hinder tissue healing and contribute to the continued accumulation of bacteria and plaque, which can further exacerbate gum disease. By ensuring that the root surface is smooth, root planing enhances the ability of the gum tissue to reattach to the teeth, thereby improving overall periodontal health. The other options do not accurately describe root planing. Smoothing the surface of the dentin refers to dental procedures aimed at the tooth’s inner layer, while measuring the depth of periodontal pockets is part of periodontal assessment rather than treatment. Polishing the visible surface of the tooth is also distinct from root planing, as it focuses more on aesthetic tooth surfaces rather than the underlying roots.