HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What does the term dental decay relate to?

1. The softening of hard tissues of teeth

2. The inflammation of the gums

3. A type of dental surgery

4. The alignment of teeth

The correct answer is: The softening of hard tissues of teeth

Dental decay refers to the process that leads to the softening and demineralization of the hard tissues of the teeth, primarily the enamel and dentin. This occurs due to the action of acids produced by bacteria that feed on sugars in the mouth, which can ultimately lead to cavities or carious lesions. Over time, if dental decay is not addressed, it can progress deeper into the tooth, affecting the pulp and possibly resulting in pain or tooth loss. The other options relate to different aspects of dental health but not specifically to dental decay. The inflammation of the gums pertains to periodontal disease, while a type of dental surgery would involve procedures to address various dental issues, and the alignment of teeth is related to orthodontics. Thus, the correct option clearly identifies the process specifically associated with the deterioration of tooth structure, which is foundational to understanding dental health and disease prevention.