HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What is candidiasis in the context of oral health?

1. An infection of the gums

2. An infection of the mouth, commonly known as thrush

3. An infection affecting the tongue

4. A condition related to dry mouth

The correct answer is: An infection of the mouth, commonly known as thrush

Candidiasis, particularly in the context of oral health, refers to an infection of the mouth that is commonly known as thrush. This condition is caused by an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, which is a type of yeast that naturally resides in the body. When the balance of microorganisms in the oral cavity is disrupted, Candida can proliferate, leading to the development of white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, and sometimes the roof of the mouth or throat. The term "thrush" is specifically used to describe the manifestation of candidiasis in the mouth, where it often presents as creamy white lesions that may be painful or lead to difficulty in swallowing. This makes option B the most accurate choice among the possible answers, as it directly identifies the oral manifestation of this fungal infection. Other options presented refer to different issues: an infection of the gums relates to periodontal disease, an infection specifically affecting the tongue could describe oral lesions but does not encompass the broader mouth infection, and dry mouth, while associated with oral health complications, is not directly linked to candidiasis.