HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What is the definition of hydrocephalus?

1. Increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure

2. Abnormal fluid accumulation in the cranial vault

3. Reduction of cerebral blood flow

4. Enlargement of brain tissue

The correct answer is: Abnormal fluid accumulation in the cranial vault

Hydrocephalus is defined as abnormal fluid accumulation in the cranial vault. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance between the production and drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to an excess buildup that can increase pressure within the skull. The structure of the brain and the surrounding protective membranes can be affected, which might lead to various neurological symptoms. The other options describe related concepts but do not accurately capture the essence of hydrocephalus. For instance, increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure is a consequence of hydrocephalus but does not define the condition itself. Similarly, while reduction of cerebral blood flow may be a result of increased pressure, it is not indicative of hydrocephalus specifically. Enlargement of brain tissue can occur in various neurological diseases but is not a definition or characteristic exclusive to hydrocephalus. Thus, the correct answer accurately reflects the nature of hydrocephalus as the condition characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation within the cranial vault.