HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What is the main characteristic of ceramic materials in dentistry?

1. They are soft and easily moldable

2. They are hard and brittle, fired at high temperatures

3. They are liquid until set

4. They are primarily organic materials

The correct answer is: They are hard and brittle, fired at high temperatures

Ceramic materials in dentistry are primarily characterized by their hardness and brittleness, which arise from the high-temperature firing process they undergo during manufacturing. This process allows the materials to develop a strong, dense structure that is able to withstand the forces experienced in the oral environment. The high-temperature firing contributes to the durability of ceramics, making them an ideal choice for various dental applications such as crowns, bridges, and veneers. The brittleness noted in ceramics means that while they are strong under compression, they can fracture under tensile stress. This characteristic is significant in dentistry, where the forces applied to dental restorations can vary. The hardness of ceramics also provides excellent wear resistance, making them suitable for both aesthetic and functional purposes in restorative dentistry. In contrast, other materials listed have properties that significantly differ from those of ceramics. Materials that are soft and easily moldable tend to be plastics or some types of resins, which do not retain the same structural integrity as ceramics. Liquids that set upon curing are typically found in certain cements or resins, which behave quite differently than solid ceramic materials. Lastly, organic materials, while used in some dental products, do not exhibit the same strength, durability, and high-temperature processing that are hallmarks of ceramics.