HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What is the medical condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in arteries?

1. Diabetes

2. Asthma

3. Atherosclerosis

4. Arthritis

The correct answer is: Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is the medical condition characterized by the buildup of plaque within the arteries. This plaque, which is made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances, can harden and narrow the arteries over time. As a result, it restricts blood flow, which can lead to serious cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks or strokes. The condition develops slowly over many years and can often go unnoticed until serious complications arise. In terms of context for the other options: diabetes primarily affects how the body metabolizes glucose and can lead to various complications, but it is not directly characterized by plaque buildup in the arteries. Asthma is primarily a respiratory condition affecting airflow due to inflammation in the airways, and arthritis refers to joint inflammation and pain, having no direct connection to arterial plaque. Understanding these distinctions can deepen one’s knowledge of cardiovascular health, reinforcing the significance of managing risk factors associated with atherosclerosis.