HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What is the primary function of the gingiva?

1. To enhance taste sensation.

2. To protect the underlying bone and teeth.

3. To produce saliva.

4. To aid in visual identification of dental health.

The correct answer is: To protect the underlying bone and teeth.

The primary function of the gingiva, or gum tissue, is to protect the underlying bone and teeth. This oral tissue forms a protective barrier around the tooth roots and supports the surrounding structures, which helps to prevent bacteria and debris from compromising dental health. Healthy gingiva is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the periodontium, which includes the teeth, bone, and other supporting structures. By creating a snug fit around the teeth, the gingiva minimizes the risk of periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, that can lead to tooth loss and damage to the underlying bone. Additionally, the keratinized surface of the gingiva aids in resisting mechanical trauma, further contributing to the overall protection of dental anatomy. The other options, such as enhancing taste sensation, producing saliva, or aiding in visual identification of dental health, do not accurately reflect the primary role of the gingiva in dental anatomy and oral hygiene. While some minor functions could be indirectly related, the predominant responsibility of the gingiva is to safeguard the health of the teeth and supporting bone structures.