HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

Which term describes an agent that dilutes a solution's strength?

1. Diluent

2. Solvent

3. Concentrate

4. Adjuvant

The correct answer is: Diluent

The term that describes an agent that dilutes a solution's strength is "diluent." A diluent is specifically used to reduce the concentration of solutes in a solution, thereby making the solution weaker. In various applications, including pharmaceuticals and laboratory settings, diluents serve the purpose of achieving a desired concentration of active ingredients by adding a substance that does not react with the solute. The other terms have distinct meanings that relate differently to the process of dilution. A solvent, for example, is a substance that dissolves a solute, often making a solution but not necessarily indicating a reduction in strength unless it is specifically used in a diluting context. Concentrate refers to a solution that has a high concentration of solute, which stands in contrast to the concept of dilution. An adjuvant typically refers to a substance added to enhance the effect of a drug or vaccine but does not pertain to the dilution of a solution. Understanding these definitions highlights why "diluent" is precisely the correct term for an agent that dilutes a solution's strength.